This paper investigates a collateral pool settlement (CPS)
payment system – a system that provides intra-day liquidity against
a collateral pool. First, we show that participants of CPS do not
have incentives to delay payments once they have committed to
participate. This is in striking contrast to a Real Time Gross
Settlement (RTGS) system where banks have strong incentives to
free-ride on liquidity provided by incoming payments. Second, we
establish conditions under which banks prefer to participate in a
collateral pool instead of settling payments in RTGS. Third, we show
that a late payment equilibrium may arise in RTGS in the presence of
a possible intra-day failure of a participant if the cost of
intra-day liquidity is sufficiently high.